The Shyonak (Oroxylum Indicum) is a small perennial tree that grows 8–15 meters tall and is branching at the top. It is primarily found in evergreen forests.The plant has 0.5–1.5 m long, 2-3 pinnate leaves with opposing pinnae, 2-4 pairs of leaflets that are 6–12 cm long and 4–10 cm broad, elliptic or oblong, acuminate, and glabrous, and 6–15 mm long petioles on the lateral leaflets.
It is used to cure allergy illnesses, urticaria, jaundice, asthma, sore throat, laryngitis, hoarseness, diarrhea, dysentery, infantile erythema, and measles. The root bark and stem bark contain anti-allergic qualities.
Description
Oroxylum indicum, often known as shyonak, is referenced in a number of Ayurvedic books, including the Sushrut and Charak Samhita. As an antibacterial and astringent, Charak has advised Shyonak for non-healing ulcers, feminine problems, and dysentery.
Botanical Name:
Oroxylum Indicum
Family:
Bignoniaceae
Leaves:
The Shyonak plant has enormous leaves that range in length from 0.5 to 1.5 meters. They have several leaflets grouped on either side of a central stalk, which indicates that they are pinnately compound. There are 2-4 pairs of pinnae, or leaflets, on each leaf, arranged opposite one another. Every leaflet has an ovate or elliptic form, smooth surface (glabrous), and a pointy tip (acuminate). They may measure 4–10 cm in width and 6–12 cm in length.
Flowers:
The Shyonak tree yields an abundance of beautiful blossoms. They can reach lengths of 0.3 to 0.6 meters and are reddish-purple on the outside and pinkish-yellow on the inside. The actual flower stalk can reach a length of one foot. Bats find these aromatic blooms especially appealing for pollination because they typically bloom at night.
Fruit:
The Shyonak tree has a large, flat, curving pod as its fruit. The flat, spherical seeds have papery wings that help them spread.
Bark:
The Shyonak tree’s bark has a dull brown hue.
Habitat:
Found up to 1000 meters high in the warmer regions of India, where it is often grown as an avenue tree This tree can be found all over India, from the Himalaya to the Konkan, Malabar, Western Ghats, and Coro Mandal, at an elevation of up to 1200 meters. It is rarely seen in the arid western regions and prefers the damp areas of deciduous and evergreen woods.
Parts Used:
- Fruit
- Root
- Bark
- Leaves
- Stem
Dosage:
- Powder – 3-6 gm
- Water decoction – 40-80 ml
Chemical Constituents
Aloe-emodin and anthraquinone, found in shyonak leaves, give them emollient properties. This herb’s chemical components include chrysin, aloe-emodin, baicalein, tetetuin, and oroxindin.
Sanskrit Synonyms
Tuntuka – the flowers are bell shaped,
Prithu shumba – fruits are flat and long
Ari Simbi, Katvanga, Kutannata, Dirghavrnk, Mandukaparna, Sukanasa, Bhalluka, Mayurajangha
Other Language Names of Shyonak, (Oroxylum Indicum)
Tamil name – Addi
Assamese name – Bhatghila
Kannada name – Tiguda, Tigadu mara, tattuna, Tigda
Malayalam name – Palagapaimani
English name – Broken Bones Tree, Indian trumpet flower, Midnight horror, Oroxylum, Kampong
Hindi name – Sonapatha ,Sona means gold
Nepalese name – Tatelo
Sri Lanka name – Totila, Thotil
Chinese name – Hanyu pinyin: butterfly tree
Telugu name – Dundilam/ Pampini
Bengali name – Sona, Shona
Marathi & Gujarati name – Tentu
Oriya name – Archangkawm, Phanphania, Tatelo
Scientific Classification
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Division | Magnoliophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Bignoniaceae |
| Genus | Oroxylum |
| Species | Indicum |
Ayurvedic Properties
Hindi / Sanskrit
- Rasa – Madhura, Tikta, Kashaya
English
- Taste – Sweet, Bitter, Astringen
Shyonak, (Oroxylum Indicum) Uses
- When treating anorexia, root is also beneficial.
- Fever, cough, and colds can be treated using the roots of this herb.
- Seed paste can be used to treat boils and wounds.
- In certain parts of the world, scabies, mouth cancer, and other skin conditions are treated with a paste produced from the powdered bark.
- To enhance the flavor, use the fruit portion of the tree.
- The root’s bitter bark has tonic, blood-purifying, and astringent properties.
- This plant works well as a constipation cure because of the purgative properties of its seeds.
Shyonak, (Oroxylum Indicum) Benefits
Kidney health:
In Indian medicine, the decoction of Sona patha (Oroxylum Indicum) leaves and roots is used to prevent renal issues and get rid of kidney stones. In rats, an ethanolic root extract shows a protective effect against kidney damage caused by cisplatin. Numerous flavonoids have been demonstrated to have nephroprotective properties.
Strengthen immunity:
Certain immune responses and antioxidant activities can be induced by immunomodulatory activities. The study’s conclusions indicate that Sonapatha’s root bark has far more immunomodulatory activity than its stem bark equivalent. Root bark powder is thought to be a safe and helpful immunomodulator.
Cancer prevention:
Sonapatha demonstrates anticancer activity in trials using different carcinogens on animals as well as in experiments using human cell lines. Cell lines exhibit an antiproliferative impact from an ethanolic extract. One flavonoid, baicalein, was isolated from Oroxylum indicum and investigated for its ability to induce apoptosis in HL-60 cell line cultures. Baicalein has an anti-tumor effect on human cancer cells, according to study results.
Shyonak, (Oroxylum Indicum) Side Effects
Mild Digestive Issues:
Particularly at high doses, several studies have indicated a modest increase in digestive symptoms such as bloating, constipation, or diarrhea.
Pregnant/Breastfeeding:
There is no proof of safety when pregnant or nursing. In these circumstances, avoid utilizing.
Children:
Data about kid safety are lacking. It is best to stay away from using.
Autoimmune Diseases:
Shyonak may make autoimmune diseases worse. If you have a doctor, speak with them before using.
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Conclusion
The herb shyonak, sometimes referred to as Sona Patha, has a lengthy history of use in Ayurvedic medicine. Although study is still in progress, there may be some health benefits. This is a thorough explanation of its applications, advantages, dosage, and negative effects:
FAQS
What advantages does Oroxylum indicum offer?
For fever, bronchitis, intestinal worms, leucoderma, asthma, inflammation, anal problems, diarrhea, and dysentery, the root and stem bark are utilized. The fruits and seeds are utilized as a bitter tonic, expectorant, and purgative.
What part of Shyonaka is used?
Shyonaka root and stem bark has strong anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, stem bark can be used in place of root bark.
What is Shyonak used for?
Kurz has been used for ages in Asian traditional medicine systems to prevent and treat a variety of illnesses, including jaundice, rheumatoid arthritis, gastric ulcers, tumors, respiratory conditions, diabetes, diarrhea, and dysentery.